Detection of phosphorylated ERK1 protein. Dictyostelium strains were grown in shaking cultures and harvested as described in the Materials and methods. After starvation in shaking cultures or on filters cells were harvested and cell extracts were subjected to immunoblot analysis using the anti-phospho-MAPK antibody that detects phospho-ERK1 (pERK1, 61 kDa), GFP:phospho-ERK1 (GFP:pERK1, 88 kDa), and phospho-ERK2 (pERK2, 42 kDa). Extracts from approximately 1 × 106 cells were loaded in each lane. (A) Cells shaken in phosphate buffer for 1 h before immunoblot analysis. Lanes correspond to extracts from wild-type cells (WT), erk1− cells, and erk1− cells expressing a GFP:ERK1 fusion protein (GFP:ERK1). Positions of protein molecular weight standards are indicated on the right side of the blot. (B) Cells were developed on filters as described in the Materials and methods and harvested at times indicated. (C) Cells were shaken in phosphate buffer without exogenous stimulation and collected at the times indicated.