Table 2.

Evolution of JOA according to Modic changes

JOA	Time
	Preoperative	3 months	6 months	12 months	24 months (min)
Modic-0	9.8 ± 2.6	11.5 ± 2.7†	13.0 ± 3.2†	14.5 ± 2.3†	14.2 ± 2.1†
Modic-1	9.3 ± 2.1	11.8 ± 1.9†	13.4 ± 2.1†	14.7 ± 1.7†*	14.6 ± 1.9†
Modic-2	9.0 ± 2.8	11.2 ± 0.7†	12.8 ± 0.5†	14.3 ± 1.1†	14.1 ± 0.9†

^†Significantly different from the preoperative (P < 0.05).

*Significantly different from the Modic-0 group (P < 0.05).