Table 3.

Evolution of axial symptoms according to Modic changes

VAS	Time
	Preoperative	3 months	6 months	12 months	24 months (min)
Modic-0	7.7 ± 2.3	3.0 ± 2.1†	2.3 ± 1.8†	1.8 ± 1.5†	2.0 ± 1.5†
Modic-1	7.6 ± 2.1	2.5 ± 1.9†*	1.9 ± 1.7†*	1.3 ± 1.1†*	1.5 ± 1.1†*
Modic-2	7.1 ± 1.5	3.5 ± 2.2†	2.4 ± 1.9†	1.8 ± 1.6†	2.1 ± 1.6†

^†Significantly different from the preoperative (P < 0.05).

*Significantly different from the Modic-0 group (P < 0.05).