Additional file 3:

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The effect of cytochalasin D treatment on the distribution of VANGL2-EGFP and the morphology of MEC1 cells. A living MEC1 cells with distinct polarized VANGL2-EGFP expression on a fibronectin-coated glass bottom dish was imaged by laser scanning microscopy. After 22 min the cells were treated with cytochalasin D, a potent inhibitor of actin polymerization. Note the rapid morphological changes in MEC1 cells from a polarized migratory phenotype to a rounded morphology. Simultaneously, the polarized VANGL2-EGFP distribution is maintained arguing that polarized distribution of VANGL2 is a cause for and not a consequence of asymmetric shape of a migrating cell.