Table.
Baseline Characteristicsa
| Characteristic | No. (%) of Patients | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total (N = 452) | Pennsylvania (n = 151) | Vanderbilt (n = 150) | Rush (n = 151) | Combined Therapy (n = 227) | ADM (n = 225) | |
| HRSD score, mean (SD) | 22.1 (4.2) | 21.9 (4.3) | 22.3 (4.3) | 22.0 (4.0) | 21.9 (4.0) | 22.2 (4.4) |
| Female sex | 266 (58.8) | 75 (49.7)* | 96 (64.0)† | 95 (62.9)† | 130 (57.3) | 136 (60.4) |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 43.2 (13.1) | 45.8 (13.9)† | 44.4 (12.3)† | 39.2 (12.2)* | 43.3 (12.9) | 43.0 (13.4) |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||
| White | 388 (85.8) | 127 (84.1) | 130 (86.7) | 131 (86.8) | 194 (85.5) | 194 (86.2) |
| Hispanic | 27 (6.0) | 6 (4.0)* | 6 (4.0)* | 15 (9.9)† | 17 (7.5) | 10 (4.4) |
| College graduate | 218 (48.2) | 86 (57.0)† | 57 (38.0)* | 75 (49.7)* | 118 (52.0) | 100 (44.4) |
| Income <$40 000/y | 265 (58.6) | 86 (57.0) | 95 (63.3) | 84 (55.6) | 137 (60.4) | 128 (56.9) |
| Married or cohabitating | 168 (37.2) | 53 (35.1) | 59 (39.3) | 56 (37.1) | 85 (37.4) | 83 (36.9) |
| Unemployed | 140 (31.0) | 47 (31.1) | 48 (32.0) | 42 (27.8) | 77 (33.9) | 61 (27.1) |
| Chronic MDDb | 159 (35.2) | 53 (35.1)† | 88 (58.7)‡ | 18 (11.2)* | 78 (34.4) | 81 (36.0) |
| Recurrent MDDb | 376 (83.2) | 124 (82.1)*† | 120 (80.0)* | 132 (87.4)† | 190 (83.7) | 186 (82.7) |
| Age at onset, mean (SD), y | 23.8 (12.7) | 22.0 (13.1)* | 24.0 (13.4)*† | 25.5 (11.3)† | 24.6 (13.0) | 23.0 (12.4) |
| No. of episodes, mean (SD) | 7.8 (18.0) | 6.8 (11.4)* | 3.4 (6.2)* | 13.2 (27.5)† | 7.4 (16.7) | 8.2 (19.3) |
| Prior ADM | 303 (67.0) | 100 (66.2) | 104 (69.3) | 100 (66.2) | 152 (67.0) | 151 (67.1) |
| Melancholicb | 179 (39.6) | 48 (31.8)* | 69 (46.0)† | 62 (41.0)*† | 88 (38.8) | 91 (40.4) |
| Atypicalb | 96 (21.2) | 30 (19.9) | 38 (25.3) | 28 (18.5) | 47 (20.7) | 49 (21.8) |
| Other Axis I disorderb | 226 (50.0) | 63 (41.7)* | 90 (60.0)† | 76 (50.3)*† | 114 (50.2) | 115 (51.1) |
| Any Axis II disorderb | 225 (49.8) | 53 (35.1)* | 79 (52.7)† | 93 (61.6)† | 113 (49.8) | 112 (49.8) |
Abbreviations: ADM, antidepressant medication; HSRD, Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression; MDD, major depressive disorder; Pennsylvania, University of Pennsylvania; Rush, Rush University; Vanderbilt, Vanderbilt University.
When all 3 sites differ from one another, they each have a different symbol: lowest (*), intermediate (†), and highest (‡). When the lowest site differs from the other 2 sites and they do not differ from one another: lowest (*) and each of the 2 highest (†). When the 2 lowest sites do not differ from each other but each differs from the highest: each of the 2 lowest (*) and highest (†). When the lowest site differs from the highest site but the intermediate site does not differ from either of the other 2 sites: lowest (*), intermediate (*†), and highest (†).
According to DSM-IV criteria.