Table 6. Content Analysis Coding Scheme and Results Employed in Study 2.

Category (coding frequency)			Intercoder Reliability α	Example statement	Correlation with identification with the group of gamers (Spearman’s ρ)
					Confutative study condition	Confirmatory study condition
Evaluative statement referring directly to the study	positively evaluative (n = 512)		.89	“This study seems to be very sound.”	.10** a	−.09* b
	negatively evaluative	reference to methodology (e.g., design, validity, etc.; n = 703)	.91	“The number of participants seems too low to draw conclusions for the population.”	−.05a	.16*** b
		reference to other issues (e.g., competence of authors, relevance, conclusion; n = 375)	.92	“The conclusion is nonsense.”	.00a	.05a
Opinion statement on the effects of violent video games	violent video games have no detrimental/positive effects or statement relativizing detrimental effects (n = 258)		.94	“For me, violent video games are an outlet to release pressure.”	.14*** a	.09* a
	violent video games have detrimental effects (n = 77)		.71	“Generally, I think that violent video games lead to aggressive behavior.”	−.09* a	−.03a

Notes. α denotes Krippendorff’s Alpha. Sample statements were translated from German. N = 655.

*p < .05

**p < .01

***p < .001. Correlation coefficients in the same row with no common lowercase subscript differ at p < .05 using Williams’ test.