Table 1.
Demographic and Clinical Data of 38 Patients with LAM
| Demographics | |
| White | 35 |
| Black | 1 |
| Asian | 2 |
| Age of diagnosis, yr | 38.4 ± 9.8 |
| Age, first symptoms, yr | 35.5 ± 8.9 |
| Age, first NIH visit, yr | 40.9 ± 9.5 |
| TSC | 5 (13%) |
| Oxygen therapy | 28 (73%) |
| Deaths during study | None |
| Lung transplantation | None |
| Initial symptoms | |
| Dyspnea | 19 (50%) |
| Pneumothorax | 16 (42%) |
| Hemoptysis | 3 (8%) |
| Abdominal pain | 4 (10%) |
| No respiratory symptoms | 1 (2%) |
| Extrapulmonary findings | |
| Lymphangioleiomyomas | 17 (45%) |
| Angioyolipomas | 17 (45%) |
| Mode of diagnosis of LAM | |
| Open lung biopsy | 17 (44%) |
| Transbronchial lung biopsy | 3 (8%) |
| Abdominopelvic mass biopsy | 3 (8%) |
| Biopsy of angiomyolipoma | 1 (2%) |
| Chylous effusions | 5 (13%) |
| Lymphangioleiomyomas | 4 (10%) |
| Lung cysts on CT scan and VEGF-D values greater than 0.8 ng/ml | 4 (10%) |
| Lung cysts on CT scan and TSC or angiomyolipomas | 6 (15%) |
Definition of abbreviations: CT = computed tomography; NIH = National Institutes of Health; LAM = lymphangioleiomyomatosis; TSC = tuberous sclerosis complex; VEGF-D = vascular endothelial growth factor D.