Table 2.
Main outcomes and complications
|
Stent type |
P value | ||
| Uncovered (n = 38) | Covered (n = 29) | ||
| Technical success | 38 (100) | 28 (96.6) | 0.433 |
| Clinical success | 34 (89.5) | 24 (82.8) | 0.485 |
| GOOSS score | |||
| Pre-stenting (0/1/2/3) | 31/3/4/0 | 25/2/2/0 | 0.5841 |
| Post-stenting (0/1/2/3) | 4/10/18/61 | 5/11/10/32 | 0.1661 |
| Causes of clinical failure | 4 (10.5) | 4 (13.8) | 0.485 |
| Poor expansion | 2 (5.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0.502 |
| Migration | 0 (0.0) | 2 (6.9) | 0.184 |
| Perforation | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.4) | 0.433 |
| Peritoneal seeding | 1 (2.7) | 0 (0.0) | 1.000 |
| Septic shock | 1 (2.7) | 1 (3.4) | 1.000 |
| Complications | 12 (31.6) | 12 (41.4) | 0.407 |
| Migration | 0 (0.0) | 6 (20.7) | 0.005 |
| Tumor ingrowth | 6 (15.8) | 1 (3.4) | 0.129 |
| Perforation | 0 (0.0) | 2 (6.9) | 0.184 |
| Biliary obstruction | 3 (7.9) | 0 (0.0) | 0.252 |
| Stent collapse | 0 (0.0) | 3 (10.3) | 0.076 |
| Poor expansion | 2 (5.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0.502 |
| Food impact | 1 (2.6) | 0 (0.0) | 1.000 |
| Retreatment rate | 12 (31.6) | 10 (34.5) | 0.802 |
| Stenting | 5 (13.2) | 9 (31.0) | 0.075 |
| Operation | 1 (2.6) | 1 (3.4) | 1.000 |
| Removal of food materials | 1 (2.6) | 0 (0.0) | 1.000 |
| Ballooning | 2 (5.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0.502 |
| PTBD | 3 (7.9) | 0 (0.0) | 0.252 |
| 30-d mortality | 6 (15.8) | 8 (27.6) | 0.239 |
| Median time interval to reintervention from initial intervention (d) | 60 (14-251) | 71 (2-147) | 0.573 |
1
Linear by linear association;
2
The GOOSS score improved significantly after stent placement than those before stent placement (P < 0.001, Wilcoxon signed-rank test). Values are presented as number (%) or d (range). GOOSS: Gastric outlet obstruction scoring system = no oral intake, 0; liquid only, 1; soft solids, 2; low-residue or full diet; PTBD: Percutaneous biliary drainage.