Table I.
Isolates causing bloodstream infections (BSIs) within 1 year after HSCT.
| Organism | Allogeneic n (% of total) | Autologous n (% of total) |
|---|---|---|
| Total bloodstream isolates | 243 | 109 |
| Gram-positive bacteria1 | 131 (54) | 57 (52) |
| Enterococci | 55 (23) | 15 (14) |
| Enterococcus faecium | 48 (20) | 12 (11) |
| VRE2 | 45 (19) | 11 (10) |
| Coagulase-negative staphylococci3 | 33 (14) | 5 (5) |
| Viridans group streptococci4 | 12 (5) | 18 (17) |
| Staphylococcus aureus | 18 (7) | 10 (9) |
| MSSA | 10 | 3 |
| MRSA | 8 | 7 |
| Gram-negative bacteria5 | 105 (43) | 50 (46) |
| Enterobacteriaceae | 72 (30) | 41 (38) |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae | 31 (13) | 18 (17) |
| Escherichia coli | 20 (8) | 19 (17) |
| Klebsiella oxytoca | 7 (3) | 1 (1) |
| Enterobacter cloacae | 6 (2) | 1 (1) |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 18 (7) | 5 (5) |
| Stenotrophomonas maltophilia | 7 (3) | 0 |
| Acinetobacter baumannii | 5 (2) | 0 |
| Candida spp.6 | 7 (3) | 2 (2) |
HSCT, hematopoietic stem cell transplant; MSSA, methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus; MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; VRE, vancomycin-resistant enterococci.
Other Gram-positive isolates: Clostridium spp., Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus bovis and Streptococcus pneumoniae (n = 3, of each); Corynebacterium jeikeium, Corynebacterium striatum and Leuconostoc spp. (n = 2, of each); Abiotrophia spp., Bacillus spp., Rhodococcus spp. and Streptococcus pyogenes (n = 1, of each).
All VRE isolates were Enterococcus faecium, except for one, which was E. durans.
Coagulase-negative staphylococci were only considered causes of BSI if isolated from two sets of blood cultures that were collected on the same day or consecutive days.
The 19 viridans group streptococci that were identified to the species level were S. mitis (n = 7), S. oralis (n = 5), S. sanguinis and S. salivarius (n = 3, of each) and S. constellatus (n = 1).
Other Gram-negative isolates: Morganella morganii (n = 3); Moraxella catarrhalis and Serratia marcescens (n = 2, of each); Acinetobacter lwoffii, Aeromonas hydrophila, Bacteroides ureolyticus, Capnocytophaga spp., Citrobacter freundii, Enterobacter aerogenes, Fusobacterium varium, Pantoea spp., Raoultella planticola and Sphingomonas paucimobilis (n = 1, of each).
Candida species: C. parapsilosis (n = 3); C. glabrata and C. krusei (n = 2, of each); C. albicans and C. kefyr (n = 1, of each).