FIGURE 10.

Recovering effects of HYA on DSS-induced TJ impairment. A, total RNA was extracted from colonic tissue of DSS-induced colitis mice, and the mRNA expression of TJ-related molecules were examined by real time RT-PCR. Data are presented as the fold change in gene expression from the control (untreated), after normalization to the GAPDH gene (n = 6). B and C, cryosections of colonic tissue were immunolabeled for occludin (green) (B) or MLCK (yellow) (C), and DAPI (blue). Scale bars, 50 μm (B) or 100 μm (C). Results are expressed as means ± S.E. *, p < 0.05, and **, p < 0.01, compared with untreated; #, p < 0.05, and ##, p < 0.01, compared with DSS-treated mice without HYA and HYB administration (−) (Tukey-Kramer). Each result (A–C) is representative of two independent similar experiments.