Table 2.
Pregnancy and birth outcomes according to ADHD medication use and ADHD hospital contact
| Outcome | Women who used ADHD medication during pregnancy (n=186) | Women who did not use ADHD medication during pregnancy, but had an ADHD diagnosis (n=275) | Women who did not use ADHD medication during pregnancy and did not have an ADHD diagnosis (n=989,471) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Live birth, n (%) | 53 (28.5) | 102 (37.1) | 693,673 (70.1) |
| Stillbirth | 0 | 1 (0.4) | 3,517 (0.4) |
| Abortion | 133 (71.5) | 172 (62.5) | 292,296 (29.5) |
| Spontaneous abortion | 18 (9.7) | 26 (9.5) | 114,672 (11.6) |
| Induced abortion | 115 (61.8) | 146 (53.1) | 177,624 (18.0) |
| Birth weight, g, mean (SD)a | 3,535.4 (525.9) | 3,300.2 (615.8) | 3,535.5 (569.7) |
| Birth weight, n (%)a | |||
| <2,500 g | 1 (1.9) | 8 (7.8) | 23,691 (3.4) |
| 2,500–4,500 g | 48 (96.2) | 93 (91.2) | 629,644 (90.8) |
| >4,500 g | 1 (1.9) | 1 (1.0) | 23,259 (3.4) |
| Missing | 0 | 0 | 17,079 (2.5) |
| GA, mean (SD)a | 277.5 (12.3) | 275.4 (15.7) | 278.1 (13.0) |
| Missing (imputed) | 0 | 0 | 14,076 (2.0) |
| Preterm birth, n (%)a | 3 (5.7) | 10 (9.8) | 34,211 (4.9) |
| SGA, n (%)a | 4 (7.5) | 18 (17.6) | 65,499 (9.4) |
| Apgar score, n (%)a | |||
| <10 | 8 (15.1) | 8 (7.8) | 50,184 (7.2) |
| 10 | 45 (84.9) | 94 (92.2) | 626,672 (90.3) |
| Missing | 0 | 0 | 16,817 (2.4) |
| Congenital abnormalities, n (%)a | 2 (3.8) | 7 (6.9) | 39,557 (5.7) |
| Neonatal death, n (%)a | 0 | 0 | 1,829 (0.3) |
Note:
a
Only information on pregnancies resulting in live births – 53, 102, and 693,673, respectively.
Abbreviations: ADHD, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder; SD, standard deviation; SGA, small for gestational age.