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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Feb 4.
Published in final edited form as: Neuroscientist. 2014 Feb 7;20(5):534–545. doi: 10.1177/1073858413519865

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Post-translational regulation of estrogen receptor expression. Ligand-bound estrogen receptor-alpha (ERα)- mediated transcription is coupled with the Hsc70-interacting protein (CHIP) and ubiquination–proteolysis process, such that ligand-bound ERα is degraded following successful transcription of the target gene. In contrast, ERβ interacts with CHIP and ubiquination and subsequent ligand binding can induce transcription or transport to the proteasome for degradation. Thus, ligand-bound receptor degradation may indicate ongoing transcription for ERα or act to down-regulate ERβ transcriptional activity. Other posttranscriptional modifications include ERα miRNAs that bind to the 3′ untranslated region and prevent mRNA stability or translation.