Table 2.
Patients, n | Treatment | Results | Reference |
---|---|---|---|
47 | SCFA enema versus placebo | No significant differences | [86] |
103 | SCFA enema versus placebo | No significant differences | [87] |
51 | 5-ASA and NaB enema versus 5-ASA and placebo | Significant increase in remission and improvements in clinical scores, stool frequency, urgency, and self-assessment | [88] |
11 | NaB enema versus placebo | Significant decrease in DAI scores, reduction of NF-κB translocation in lamina propria macrophages | [89] |
335 | NaB enema versus placebo | Minor effects on inflammatory parameters and no significant effects on oxidative stress parameters | [90] |
39 | NaB enema versus placebo | No significant differences | [91] |
45 | Corticosteroids versus 5-ASA versus SCFA enema | Similar improvement, although SCFA more cost-effective | [92] |
30 | Oral mesalazine and butyrate versus oral mesalazine and placebo | Improvement in clinical and UCDAI scores | [93] |
SCFA short-chain fatty acids, UCDAI ulcerative colitis disease activity index