Fig. 2.

Dexamethasone yields the least cytotoxic damage to human MSCs. Fluorescence imaging of the live–dead cell viability assay measured the survival of human MSCs 24 hours after a 60-minute treatment with 1× PBS solution (control), or one of the following corticosteroids: dexamethasone (4 mg/mL), triamcinolone (40 mg/mL), methylprednisolone (40 mg/mL), or betamethasone (6 mg/mL). The corticosteroids were applied in a scaled titration, including 3.125%, 6.25%, 12.5%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of the concentration in the commercially available preparations. Live cells are stained with calcein-AM (green) and dead cells with EthD-1 (red)(Original magnification, ×10).