Fig. 4.

Tricin and P-coumaric acid suppress the expression of inflammatory mediators in a co-culture system of Caco-2 and RAW 264.7 cells. Tricin (1 µM) and P-coumaric acid (PC, 2.4 µM) were individually added into the apical compartment of a Caco-2/RAW 264.7 co-culture model. After 3 h, 1µg/ml LPS was added to the basolateral compartment and the cells were incubated overnight. Production of NO (A), PGE₂ (B), IL-1β (C), and IL-6 (D) were subsequently analyzed from collected media samples using commercially available ELISA kits. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA for multiple comparisons followed by Tukey's post-hoc test (P < 0.05). The different letters are used to indicate significant differences. SQE, Sasa quelpaertensis extract; PC, P-coumaric acid, LPS, lipopolysaccharide.