Fig. 7.

SQE, P-coumaric acid, and tricin down-regulate mRNA levels of TNF-α. SQE, tricin (1 µM), and P-coumaric acid (PC, 2.4 µM) were individually added into the apical compartment of the Caco-2/RAW 264.7 co-culture model. After 3 h, 1 µg/ml LPS was added to the basolateral compartment and cells were incubated overnight. TNF-α mRNA expression was analyzed using PCR. (A) Following the addition of various doses of SQE (100, 200, 400 µg/ml), levels of TNF-α mRNA were detected. The representative blots were shown (upper panel) and quantified TNF-α expression with normalization to GAPDH was presented (lower panel). (B) An equivalent dose of tricin or P-coumaric acid based on 400 µg/ml SQE was added and mRNA levels of TNF-α were detected. The representative blots has shown (upper panel) and quantified TNF-α expression with normalization to GAPDH was presented (lower panel). One-way ANOVA was applied using Tukey's post-hoc test (α = 0.05). The different letters indicate significant differences. SQE, Sasa quelpaertensis extract; PC, P-coumaric acid, LPS, lipopolysaccharide, GAPDH, glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.