Effect of Ang(1–7) and valsartan treatment on the expression of collagen and cytokines in rats and HBZY-1 cells. (a) Western blot analysis of the protein expression of tumor growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and p-Smad3 in glomeruli. (b) Western blot analysis of the protein expression of TGF-β1 and p-Smad3 in HBZY-1 cells. (c) Quantitative analysis of a. (d) Quantitative analysis of b. (e) Western blot analysis of the protein expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in HBZY-1 cells. (f) Western blot analysis of the protein expression of collagen IV in HBZY-1 cells. (g) Quantitative analysis of e. (h) Quantitative analysis of f. *P<0.05 vs. the control group in vivo or in vitro; #P<0.05 vs. the no-treatment group in vivo or the high-glucose group in vitro; §P<0.05 vs. the valsartan group in vivo or in vitro. Col IV, collagen IV; NT, no treatment; HG, high glucose (25 mmol/l); S-Ang(1–7), small-dose Ang(1–7); M-Ang(1–7), moderate-dose Ang(1–7); L-Ang(1–7), large-dose Ang(1–7); L+V, large-dose Ang(1–7)+valsartan; L+A779, large-dose Ang(1–7)+A779.