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. 2014 Dec 17;3(12):e88. doi: 10.1038/emi.2014.84

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Copyright © 2014 Shanghai Shangyixun Cultural Communication Co., Ltd

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/

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Unrooted maximum-likelihood phylogenetic trees for the (A) HA, (B) NA, (C) M, (D) NP, (E) NS, (F) PA, (G) PB1 and (H) PB2 genes of all analyzed H9N2 viruses. The trees were generated by minimum evolution analysis with maximum likelihood, using the Tamura-Nei model in MEGA (version 5.1). Full-length sequences with complete open reading frames were used for the phylogenetic analyses. Bootstrap values from 1000 replicates are indicated below the branches, and bootstrap values greater than 60 are shown. The scale bar represents the distance units between sequence pairs. Representative prototypes viruses from different H9N2 lineages are indicated in red, the human H9N2 isolate from Bangladesh is indicated in fuchsia and the H7N3 isolate from Pakistan is indicated in blue. The possible H5N1 recombinant isolates in the PB1 gene are indicated in green.