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. 2014 Dec 23;106(1):78–85. doi: 10.1111/cas.12574

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© 2014 The Authors. Cancer Science published by Wiley Publishing Asia Pty Ltd on behalf of Japanese Cancer Association.

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Fractionated radiation promotes invasiveness of breast cancer cells through epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). (a) Migration and invasion assay of MCF7 and SKBR3 breast cancer cells in Transwells after fractionated irradiation. (b) Western blot for EMT markers E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and vimentin in MCF7 and SKBR3 breast cancer cells after irradiation. (c) Immunocytochemistry for EMT markers such as E-cadherin and vimentin in MCF7 cancer cells after irradiation. (d) Western blot for EMT transcription factors SNAIL, SLUG, ZEB1, and TWIST in MCF7 and SKBR3 breast cancer cells after irradiation. β-actin was used as a loading control. Error bars represent mean ± SD of triplicate samples. **P < 0.01. Cont, control.