Table 2.
Prognostic significance of baseline parameters in esophageal cancer patients by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis
| Parameter | No. of events/No. at risk | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis† | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P–value | HR (95% CI) | P–value | ||
| Gender | |||||
| Male | 1011/642 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.004 | |
| Female | 250/248 | 0.71 (0.61–0.81) | <0.001 | 0.80 (0.68–0.93) | |
| Age, years | |||||
| ≤60 | 720/570 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.002 | |
| >60 | 541/320 | 1.14 (1.02–1.28) | 0.018 | 1.86 (1.07–1.33) | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | |||||
| <18.5 | 228/103 | 1.18 (1.01–1.37) | 0.034 | – | – |
| 18.5–22.9 | 669/481 | 1.00 | – | ||
| ≥23 | 358/308 | 0.86 (0.76–0.98) | 0.021 | – | |
| Weight loss | |||||
| No | 622/524 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.002 | |
| Yes | 639/362 | 1.31 (1.17–11.46) | <0.001 | 1.21 (1.07–1.37) | |
| Smoking status | |||||
| Never–smokers | 403/368 | 1.00 | – | ||
| Ever–smokers | 858/522 | 1.36 (1.20–1.53) | <0.001 | – | |
| Histology | 0.033 | ||||
| SCC | 1087/764 | 1.00 | – | – | |
| AC | 131/64 | 1.25 (1.04–1.51) | 0.018 | – | |
| Other | 63/42 | 1.20 (0.92–1.56) | 0.182 | – | |
| AJCC stage | <0.001 | ||||
| 0+ I | 50/132 | 1.00 | 1.00 | <0.001 | |
| II | 494/457 | 2.07 (1.55–2.76) | <0.001 | 2.09 (1.52–2.86) | |
| III | 716/262 | 4.71 (3.54–6.26) | <0.001 | 4.44 (3.24–6.08) | |
| No. of comorbidities | |||||
| 0 | 909/634 | 1.00 | – | ||
| ≥1 | 352/256 | 1.02 (0.90–1.150) | 0.775 | – | |
| Surgical procedure | |||||
| Left transthoracic | 883/577 | 1.00 | – | – | |
| Right transthoracic | 266/234 | 0.87 (0.76–0.99) | 0.040 | – | |
| Others | 112/79 | 0.96 (0.79–1.18) | 0.717 | – | |
| Radicality of surgery | |||||
| R0 | 1075/810 | 1.00 | <0.001 | ||
| R1+ R2 | 125/21 | 2.91 (2.43–3.48) | <0.001 | 2.29 (1.84–2.86) | |
| Preoperative treatment | |||||
| None | 1185/831 | 1.00 | – | – | |
| Chemotherapy | 30/21 | 1.53 (1.05–2.24) | 0.029 | – | |
| Radiotherapy | 25/16 | 1.26 (0.84–1.88) | 0.266 | – | |
| Chemoradiotherapy | 21/22 | 0.95 (0.61–1.47) | 0.81 | – | |
| Adjuvant treatment | |||||
| None | 847/573 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.011 | |
| Chemotherapy | 124/115 | 0.97 (0.80–1.17) | 0.757 | 0.71 (0.58–0.87) | |
| Radiotherapy | 73/16 | 1.83 (1.44–2.32) | <0.001 | 0.96 (0.73–1.25) | |
| Chemoradiotherapy | 29/10 | 1.54 (1.05–2.24) | 0.026 | 0.86 (0.57–1.28) | |
AC, adenocarcinoma; AJCC, American Joint Committee on Cancer; BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; SCC, squamous cell carcinoma.
†
Multivariate analysis included all these baseline parameters. –, not included in the multivariate analysis.