Table 7.

IV—The effects of contemporaneous height, instrumented by a count of the number of risk alleles, on cognitive skills and mental health.

	(1) Key Stage 3, Age 14		(2) IQ test score, Age 8		(3) Scholastic self-esteem, Age 8		(4) Global self-worth, Age 8		(5) Depression, Age 13
	Boys	Girls	Boys	Girls	Boys	Girls	Boys	Girls	Boys	Girls
Unadjusted
Height	−0.316	0.703⁎⁎	−0.001	0.944⁎⁎	−0.040	−0.148	−0.157	−0.023	0.163	0.237
	(0.203)	(0.298)	(0.203)	(0.367)	(0.210)	(0.301)	(0.212)	(0.309)	(0.162)	(0.323)
p-value DWH test	0.031	0.023	0.544	0.002	0.757	0.537	0.393	0.881	0.310	0.587
First stage F-statistic	18.99	13.78	26.23	10.90	25.62	10.53	25.62	10.53	24.33	16.94
Adjusted for all covariates
Height	−0.179	0.538⁎⁎	0.102	0.666⁎⁎	−0.017	−0.148	−0.100	−0.072	0.151	0.211
	(0.159)	(0.242)	(0.162)	(0.278)	(0.188)	(0.286)	(0.187)	(0.293)	(0.154)	(0.312)
p-value DWH test	0.148	0.030	0.792	0.007	0.907	0.550	0.557	0.755	0.317	0.613
First stage F-statistic	19.52	14.36	33.98	12.80	33.64	11.92	33.64	11.92	26.15	18.31

Notes: Estimates are obtained from IV regressions of the outcome on contemporaneous height by gender; Controls are listed in the note to Table 5; DWH test=Durbin–Wu–Hausman test (H₀: OLS is consistent).

^⁎⁎p<0.05.