Table 8.

IV—The effects of contemporaneous height, instrumented by a count of the number of risk alleles, on behavior at age 13.

	(1) Hyperactivity		(2) Emotional problems		(3) Conduct problems		(4) Peer problems
	Boys	Girls	Boys	Girls	Boys	Girls	Boys	Girls
Unadjusted
Height (age 13)	0.110	0.492	0.319⁎	0.204	−0.262	0.130	0.334	−0.334
	(0.191)	(0.372)	(0.178)	(0.365)	(0.186)	(0.354)	(0.216)	(0.344)
p-value DWH test	0.513	0.133	0.022	0.405	0.139	0.676	0.118	0.417
First stage F-statistic	24.89	9.97	24.87	10.31	25.09	10.18	24.58	10.42
Adjusted for all covariates
Height (age 13)	0.093	0.573⁎	0.324⁎⁎	0.207	−0.255	0.170	0.323	−0.182
	(0.171)	(0.337)	(0.163)	(0.336)	(0.165)	(0.323)	(0.198)	(0.309)
p-value DWH test	0.576	0.055	0.011	0.396	0.096	0.592	0.096	0.675
First stage F-statistic	29.26	12.04	29.37	12.56	29.41	12.38	29.04	12.66

Notes: Estimates are obtained from IV regressions of the outcome on contemporaneous height by gender; Controls are listed in the note to Table 5; DWH test=Durbin–Wu–Hausman test (H₀: OLS is consistent).

^⁎p<0.1.

^⁎⁎p<0.05.