. 2015 Jan 28;14:31. doi: 10.1186/s12936-015-0554-1

Table 2.

Results of resistance testing using the WHO tube assay with two to five days old mosquitoes with and without pre-exposure to a synergist, Liwonde, Malawi 2012-2013

		Without pre-exposure to PBO ^a	With pre-exposure to PBO
Mosquito species	Insecticide	% mortality (95% CI) ^b	% mortality (95% CI)
Mosquito species	Insecticide	(No. died/tested)	(No. died/tested)
An. funestus	Deltamethrin 0.05%	38 (29–47) (58/152)	89 (37–100) (34/38)
An. funestus	Permethrin 0.75%	25 (8–42) (23/93)	98 (93–100) (89/91)
An. gambiae s.l.	Deltamethrin 0.05%	53 (24–81) (49/93)
An. gambiae s.l.	Permethrin 0.75%	57 (32–82) (65/114)	100 (90–100) (27/27)

^a Mosquitoes with and without pre-exposure to PBO for one hour before resistance testing using the WHO tube assay.

^b 95% confidence intervals calculated taking clustering by tube into account.