Figure 2.

Human iPSC-ECFCs contribute to vascular repair of both ischemic retina and limb. (a) Representative flat-mounted retinas of C57/BL6 mice injected with vehicle (left) or hiPSC-ECFCs (right). Retinal vasculature stained in green with Isolectin B4. Avascular area indicated by white line. All experiments were performed ≥4 times and percentage of avascular area calculated. Scale bars, 1 mm. (b) Representative flat-mounted retinas of C57/BL6 mice injected with vehicle (left) or hiPSC-EBT-CD144⁺ ECs (right). Retinal vasculature stained in green with Isolectin B4. Avascular area indicated by white line. All experiments were performed ≥4 times and percentage of avascular area calculated. Scale bars, 1 mm. (c) Representative pathological preretinal neovascularisation in C57/BL6 mice injected with vehicle (left) or hiPSC-ECFCs (right). Preretinal neovascular tufts predominately seen in vehicle-injected eyes when compared to contra lateral hiPSC-ECFCs–injected eyes. Arrows indicate preretinal neovascular tufts. All experiments were performed ≥4 times. Scale bars, 200 μm. (d) Representative laser Doppler perfusion imaging showing therapeutic neovascularization by hiPSC-ECFCs in athymic nude mice. A greater increase in limb blood perfusion was observed in the ischemic limbs (arrow) of mice that received hiPSC-ECFCs or CB-ECFCs transplantation than in the vehicle or hiPSC-EBT-CD144⁺ ECs-injection groups. All experiments were performed ≥10 times. (e) A stacked bar graph represents the percentage distribution of the physiological status of the instrumented ischemic limbs on day 28 post-implantation of vehicle, hiPSC-ECFCs, hiPSC-EBT-CD144⁺ ECs or CB-ECFCs. All experiments were performed ≥10 times. (f) A table represents the physiological status of the ischemic limbs on day 28 post-implantation of vehicle, hiPSC-ECFCs, hiPSC-EBT-CD144⁺ ECs or CB-ECFCs. All experiments were performed ≥10 times and values represent percentage limb salvage, necrosis or loss. Parametric Chi-squared test: *P < 0.05.