TABLE 3—
Summary Characteristics of Included Studies on Diabetes and Hypertension Prevalence in Homeless Adults in the United States, 1980–2014
| Study Characteristic (No. of Studies Reporting) | No. of Studies (%) |
| Study design (n = 53) | |
| Observational | 53 (100) |
| Prospective | 41 (77.4) |
| Retrospective | 12 (22.6) |
| Sample selection (n = 53) | |
| Census | 17 (32.1) |
| Probability | 13 (24.5) |
| Convenience | 16 (30.2) |
| Not specified | 7 (13.2) |
| Sample size (n = 53) | |
| < 200 | 31 (58.5) |
| 200–399 | 9 (17.0) |
| 400–599 | 4 (7.6) |
| 600–799 | 1 (1.9) |
| 800–999 | 2 (3.8) |
| 1000–1999 | 1 (1.9) |
| 2000–2999 | 2 (3.8) |
| 3000–3999 | 1 (1.9) |
| ≥ 4000 | 2 (3.8) |
| Sample recruitment locationsa (n = 44) | |
| Emergency shelter | 22 |
| Medical clinic | 18 |
| Meal program | 11 |
| Street or homeless enclaves | 11 |
| Homeless service agencies | 8 |
| Day shelter | 6 |
| Transitional housing | 4 |
| Mental health facility | 2 |
| Substance abuse program | 2 |
| Single room occupancy | 2 |
| Mobile outreach | 2 |
| Hospital | 2 |
| Flophouses or slum apartments | 1 |
| Year of study (n = 55b; average used if spans multiple yrs) | |
| 1980–1989 | 13 (23.6) |
| 1990–1999 | 13 (23.6) |
| 2000–2010 | 24 (43.6) |
| ≥ 2011 | 5 (9.1) |
| US region (n = 53) | |
| Northeast | 19 (35.9) |
| Midwest | 9 (17.0) |
| South | 9 (17.0) |
| West | 10 (18.9) |
| National or multiple regions | 6 (11.3) |
| Population (n = 53) | |
| Urban only | 48 (90.6) |
| Rural only | 1 (1.9) |
| Both | 3 (5.7) |
| Unclear | 1 (1.9) |
| Special target subpopulationa (n = 53) | |
| Women | 5 (9.4) |
| Older adults | 7 (13.2) |
| Veterans | 9 (17.0) |
| Chronically homeless | 2 (3.8) |
a
May be more than 1 per study.
b
Used Hahn14 × 3, once for each chronological wave of data presented.