TABLE 3—
Study Characteristic (No. of Studies Reporting) | No. of Studies (%) |
Study design (n = 53) | |
Observational | 53 (100) |
Prospective | 41 (77.4) |
Retrospective | 12 (22.6) |
Sample selection (n = 53) | |
Census | 17 (32.1) |
Probability | 13 (24.5) |
Convenience | 16 (30.2) |
Not specified | 7 (13.2) |
Sample size (n = 53) | |
< 200 | 31 (58.5) |
200–399 | 9 (17.0) |
400–599 | 4 (7.6) |
600–799 | 1 (1.9) |
800–999 | 2 (3.8) |
1000–1999 | 1 (1.9) |
2000–2999 | 2 (3.8) |
3000–3999 | 1 (1.9) |
≥ 4000 | 2 (3.8) |
Sample recruitment locationsa (n = 44) | |
Emergency shelter | 22 |
Medical clinic | 18 |
Meal program | 11 |
Street or homeless enclaves | 11 |
Homeless service agencies | 8 |
Day shelter | 6 |
Transitional housing | 4 |
Mental health facility | 2 |
Substance abuse program | 2 |
Single room occupancy | 2 |
Mobile outreach | 2 |
Hospital | 2 |
Flophouses or slum apartments | 1 |
Year of study (n = 55b; average used if spans multiple yrs) | |
1980–1989 | 13 (23.6) |
1990–1999 | 13 (23.6) |
2000–2010 | 24 (43.6) |
≥ 2011 | 5 (9.1) |
US region (n = 53) | |
Northeast | 19 (35.9) |
Midwest | 9 (17.0) |
South | 9 (17.0) |
West | 10 (18.9) |
National or multiple regions | 6 (11.3) |
Population (n = 53) | |
Urban only | 48 (90.6) |
Rural only | 1 (1.9) |
Both | 3 (5.7) |
Unclear | 1 (1.9) |
Special target subpopulationa (n = 53) | |
Women | 5 (9.4) |
Older adults | 7 (13.2) |
Veterans | 9 (17.0) |
Chronically homeless | 2 (3.8) |
May be more than 1 per study.
Used Hahn14 × 3, once for each chronological wave of data presented.