Table 1. Screening tools.
| Screen | Clinical parameters | Score/results |
|---|---|---|
| SGA | Questionnaire: weight loss, changes in dietary intake, gastrointestinal symptoms, functional capacity | Stage A, well-nourished; stage B, moderate or suspected malnutrition; stage C, severe malnutrition |
| Physical examination: muscle, subcutaneous fat, sacral and ankle edema, ascites | ||
| Clinician’s overall judgment | ||
| PG-SGA | Weight loss | Stage A, well-nourished; stage B, moderate or suspected malnutrition; stage C, severe malnutrition |
| Condition and age | ||
| Metabolic stress | ||
| Physical examination | ||
| aPG-SGA | Weight and weight change | Score 0-1, no nutrition problem; score 2-8, increasing nutrition problem; score ≥9, critical need for improved symptom management and/or nutrition intervention |
| Food intake | ||
| Symptoms | ||
| Activities and functions | ||
| MUST | BMI | 0, low risk; 1, medium risk; 2, high risk |
| Weight loss | ||
| Presence of acute disease | ||
| NRI | Serum albumin level | >100.0, no risk; 97.5-100.0, low risk; 83.5-97.5, medium risk; ≤83.5, high risk |
| Ratio of actual to usual weight | ||
| NRS-2002 | Age adjustment (≥70 years) | Pt rescreened if score <3 (absent, mild, or moderate risk); nutrition care plan initiated if score ≥3 (severe risk) |
| Nutritional score: weight loss, changes in food intake, BMI, general condition | ||
| Severity of disease score |
SGA, subjective global assessment; PG-SGA, patient-generated subjective assessment; aPG-SGA, abridged patient-generated subjective assessment; MUST, malnutrition universal screening tool; NRI, nutritional risk index; NRS, nutritional risk screening; BMI, body mass index.