Table 1.
Measures (primary and secondary clinical outcomes; other) and timeline for phase 1 of the quasi-experimental study.
| Measures | Timeline of assessments | |||
|
|
Baseline | 6-8 weeks | 3-months postpartum | |
| Primary clinical outcome |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Prenatal depression, anxiety, stress symptoms (Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, DASS21) presence (% above cut-off point) and severity (mean score, SD) | X | X |
|
| Intervention component |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Psychosocial assessment (Antenatal Risk Questionnaire-Revised, ANRQ-R; includes substance use and violence) | X |
|
|
|
|
Depression (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, EPDS) | X | X | X |
| Secondary clinical outcome |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Postnatal depression, anxiety, stress symptoms (Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, DASS21) presence (% above cut-off point) and severity (mean score, SD) |
|
|
X |
|
|
Social support (Interpersonal Support Evaluation List, ISEL) | X | X | X |
|
|
ANRQ-R acceptability | X |
|
|
|
|
Mastery (Pearlin’s Mastery Scale) | X | X | X |
|
|
Self-efficacy (Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale) | X | X | X |
|
|
Self-esteem [81] | X | X | X |
|
|
Resilience (Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale) | X | X | X |
|
|
Sleep (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) | X | X | X |
|
|
Parenting competence (Parenting Sense of Competence Scale, PSCS; subscales Efficacy, Interest, Satisfaction) |
|
|
X |
|
|
Parenting stress (Parental Stress Scale) |
|
|
X |
|
|
Relationship quality and adjustment (Dyadic Adjustment Scale, DAS-7) | X | X | X |
|
|
Coping (Brief Cope) | X | X | X |
|
|
Maternal-infant attachment [87] |
|
|
X |
|
|
Infant behavior (Infant Behavior Questionnaire) |
|
|
X |
|
|
Infant development (Ages and Stages Questionnaire, 3rd edition, ASQ-3; The Baby Pediatric Symptom Checklist for Social/Emotional Screening) |
|
|
X |
|
|
Birthweight (medical record) |
|
|
X |
|
|
Gestational age (medical record) |
|
|
X |
|
|
5-minute Apgar score (medical record) |
|
|
X |
| Other |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Feeding method (medical record; parent report); neonatal/infant health (medical record; parent report) (Parent report from All Our Babies birth cohort studya) |
|
|
X |
|
|
Demographics (education, income, maternal age at recruitment, ethnicity; items from Maternity Experiences Survey, MESb) | X |
|
|
|
|
Obstetric and medical history (parity, chronic and pregnancy complications, type of delivery, weight at prepregnancy, delivery, 6 weeks postpartum) (self-report items from MES; medical record) | X |
|
X |
|
|
Mental health history (history of depression, anxiety, stress; age of onset of previous episodes of mental health problems) (items from MES) | X |
|
|
|
|
Pharmacologic therapy for depression/anxiety (past; current) (items from Canadian Community Health Survey, CCHS) | X | X | X |
a The All Our Babies Birth Cohort study is a pregnancy birth cohort in Alberta, Canada. Details of the study methodology and design have been previously published [92].
b The Maternity Experiences Survey (MES) is a national survey designed and administered by the Public Health Agency of Canada and Statistics Canada [93].