Table 4.
Association between postoperative CDAD and preoperative variables
| Variables | CDAD (-) (n = 231) | CDAD (+) (n = 11) | P |
| Age (yr) | 51 (18-67)1 | 55 (26-64)1 | |
| < 55 | 161 | 5 | 0.1 |
| ≥ 55 | 70 | 6 | |
| Gender, male/female | 123/108 | 9/2 | 0.07 |
| Underlying liver disease | |||
| Hepatitis C | 62 | 4 | |
| PBC | 49 | 3 | |
| Hepatitis B | 33 | 2 | |
| Fulminant hepatitis | 26 | 1 | |
| Biliary atresia | 14 | 0 | |
| Autoimmune hepatitis | 9 | 0 | |
| PSC | 9 | 0 | |
| Metabolic disease | 8 | 1 | |
| Cryptogenic cirrhosis | 6 | 0 | |
| Alcoholic cirrhosis | 4 | 0 | |
| Other | 11 | 0 | |
| Hepatocellular carcinoma | 63 | 5 | 0.3 |
| Child-Pugh score | 10 (5-14)1 | 9 (7-14)1 | |
| < 10 | 107 | 6 | 0.76 |
| ≥ 10 | 124 | 5 | |
| MELD score | 13.3 (-3.4-48.2)1 | 15.9 (5.3-33.9)1 | |
| < 20 | 153 | 6 | 0.52 |
| ≥ 20 | 78 | 5 | |
| Ascites | 110 | 6 | 0.76 |
| Use of Diuretics | 123 | 8 | 0.23 |
| Encephalopathy | 39 | 3 | 0.41 |
| Preoperative apheresis | 50 | 3 | 0.71 |
| PT-INR | 1.61 (0.89-7.48)1 | 1.56 (1.33-2.73)1 | |
| < 2.0 | 187 | 8 | 0.45 |
| ≥ 2.0 | 44 | 3 | |
| Serum bilirubin (mg/dL) | 4.4 (0.3-40.0)1 | 5.1 (0.8-17.9)1 | |
| < 10.0 | 163 | 9 | 0.52 |
| ≥ 10.0 | 68 | 2 | |
| Serum albumin (mg/dL) | 2.9 (1.5-4.4)1 | 2.6 (1.8-3.3)1 | |
| < 2.5 | 37 | 194 | 0.03 |
| ≥ 2.5 | 5 | 6 | |
| Serum creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.69 (0.2-7.7)1 | 1.02 (0.4-4.4)1 | |
| < 1.5 | 6 | 0.0003 | |
| ≥ 1.5 | 219 | 5 | |
| 12 | |||
| Use of steroid | 28 | 1 | 1 |
| Preoperative antibiotics use | 58 | 3 | 1 |
| Beta lactam | 45 | 3 | 0.46 |
| Second or third generation cepharosporins | 17 | 0 | 1 |
| Glycopeptide | 3 | 2 | 0.02 |
| Fluroquinolone | 15 | 2 | 0.18 |
| Aminoglycoside | 5 | 1 | 0.25 |
| Other | 4 | 1 | 0.21 |
| History of abdominal surgery | 108 | 5 | 1 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 29 | 0 | 0.37 |
| Preoperative ICU stay | 0.35 | ||
| Yes | 25 | 2 | |
| No | 206 | 9 |
1
Median and range. PBC: primary biliary cirrhosis; PSC: primary sclerosing cholangitis; MELD: model for end stage liver diseases; PT-INR: the international normalized ratio of prothrombin time; ICU: intensive care unit.