Table S1.

Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence

	Points
1. How soon after you wake up do you smoke your first cigarette?
a) Within 5 minutes	3
b) 6–30 minutes	2
c) 31–60 minutes	1
d) After 60 minutes	0
2. Do you find it difficult to refrain from smoking in places where it is forbidden, eg, in church, at the library, in the cinema, etc?
a) Yes	1
b) No	0
3. Which cigarette would you hate most to give up?
a) The first one in the morning	1
b) All others	0
4. How many cigarettes/day do you smoke?
a) 31 or more	3
b) 21–30	2
c) 11–20	1
d) 10 or less	0
5. Do you smoke more frequently during the first hours after waking up than during the rest of the day?
a) Yes	1
b) No	0
6. Do you smoke if you are so ill that you are in bed most of the day?
a) Yes	1
b) No	0
Total score	_____
Low dependence (0 to 3 points)
Moderate dependence (4 to 6 points)
High dependence (7 to 10 points)

Note: Copyright © 1989. Springer. Reproduced from Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 12, 1989, 159–182, Measuring nicotine dependence: a review of the Fagerstrom Tolerance Questionnaire, Fagerstrom KO, Schneider NG, Table 3, with kind permission from Springer Science and Business Media.¹