Locations of putative recombinant regions in transformants identified by whole-genome sequencing. (a) Recombinations mapped onto the R6 genome. Rings are numbered from outside to inside. Rings 1 and 2 represent R6 coding sequences encoded on the plus and minus strand, respectively. Rings 3, 4 and 5 represent putative recombinant regions in R6M101, R6M87 and R6M168, respectively. The region containing the patA and patB genes is indicated by the dashed box. (b) Extents of PCR amplimers from R6M101, R6M87 and R6M168 used for targeted transformation of R6 cells to determine the location of mutations causing patAB overexpression. Solid, filled boxes represent amplimers that produced ethidium bromide-resistant transformants. Dashed boxes represent amplimers for which no ethidium bromide-resistant transformants were obtained. (c) DNA sequence upstream of patA, with locations of mutations identified in R6M101, R6M87 and R6M168 indicated (*). The transcriptional attenuator predicted by Ribex, consisting of terminator (solid lines), anti-terminator (shaded text) and anti-anti-terminator (dashed lines) loops, is also indicated. The start of the patA coding sequence is shown in capital letters.