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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Aug 5.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Commun. 2015 Feb 5;6:6053. doi: 10.1038/ncomms7053

Figure 1. Upregulation of MnSOD and the glycolysis surrogate lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in human cancer tissue.

Figure 1

(A) Representative immunostaining of MnSOD and LDH in normal vs cancer tissue. Normal tissue samples were obtained from breast reduction plastic surgery and represent examples of “true healthy” tissue. Cancer tissue is a representative example of Stage III breast cancer collected, graded, processed and stored by the University of Illinois at Chicago tissue bank. Images are representative of over 6 independent cases of each kind. (B) Quantification of LDH expression in breast cancer (Stage III) as a surrogate of glycolytic metabolism. Quantification of corrected total fluorescence of LDH in all tissue samples was performed using ImageJ (imagej.nih.gov), and statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad InStat (GraphPad Software). (C) Immunostaining of MnSOD, LDH and phospho-AMPK (Thr172) in primary mammary epithelial cells (HMEC), cells derived from Her/Neu (-) p53 (+) ductal carcinoma (T1N0M0) and invasive ductal carcinoma Her/Neu(-) p53(+) (T4N2M0). Analysis of MnSOD and LDH was performed using confocal microscopy. Images are representative of 15 different fields taken from 3 independent samples (5 fields per dish). (D) Quantification of MnSOD in tissue microarrays containing normal and various cases of breast cancer at different pathologic stages (Protein Biotechnologies). Quantification of corrected total fluorescence of MnSOD was performed using ImageJ and statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA (GraphPad InStat). **p<0.01; ***p<0.001. For quantification of protein expression levels in patient samples (shown in B and D) a minimum of 15 independent cases were analyzed.