Table 1. Demographic and clinical features of the samples.

Characteristics	Controls (N = 41)	SCZ (N = 37)	MDD (N = 30)	BD (N = 28)
Age (years), mean (SD)	40.54 (12.40)	38.86 (13.43)	51.40 (11.42)	49.57 (12.91)
Gender %M	48.8	62.2	26.7	39.3
Education (years), mean (SD)	15.22 (5.10)	9.83 (2.92)	9.00 (3.97)	7.50 (2.67)
% Smokers	14.6	74.5	52.9	66.7
Age of onset (years), mean (SD)		27.00 (9.46)	35.68 (14.87)	36.92 (15.73)
% comorbidity with Axis I and/or II disorders		5.4	41.4	31.3
% administration of antipsychotics*		94.3	19.2	68.8
% administration of SSRI*		17.6	69.2	53.3
% administration of SNRI*		0.0	26.9	7.7
% administration of TCA*		0.0	11.5	28.6
% administration of NaSSA*		2.9	23.1	0.0
% administration of mood stabilizers*		14.7	11.5	69.2

*the total number could exceed the number of subjects due to the presence of multiple drugs administration