Table 2. Plasma AAs and ratios—amounts significantly changed in the HF group.
| AAs and Ratios | Control | HF | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hydroxyproline | 10.2 (8.9, 12.9) | 14.1 (11.1, 16.4) | <0.001 |
| Serine | 115.3 (106.7, 121.4) | 123.8 (105.7, 140.6) | <0.05 |
| Asparagine | 52.7 (47.7, 58.7) | 59.6 (53.5, 68.0) | <0.01 |
| Glutamate | 58.0 (44.5, 65.2) | 79.0 (53.8, 100.4) | <0.001 |
| Glycine | 229.7 (202.6, 253.8) | 247.5 (215.3, 297.8) | <0.05 |
| Citrulline | 35.0 (28.1, 40.3) | 47.1(33.6, 52.4) | <0.01 |
| Cystine | 52.6 (48.8, 58.5) | 68.5 (56.1, 87.0) | <0.0001 |
| Tyrosine | 61.5 (55.3, 72.6) | 73.4 (59.5, 84.5) | 0.01 |
| β-alanine | 4.3 (3.3, 5.4) | 5.5 (4.2, 8.3) | <0.01 |
| Phenylalanine | 60.7 (56.9, 69.8) | 71.3 (62.6, 85.3) | <0.01 |
| β-aminoisobutyric acid | 2.3 (1.7, 3.5) | 4.9 (3.0, 7.5) | <0.001 |
| MEA | 9.0 (8.2, 10.4) | 10.3 (8.9, 12.3) | <0.05 |
| Ornithine | 67.0 (59.2, 71.3) | 89.4 (71.6, 107.7) | <0.0001 |
| O:A ratio | 0.78 (0.66, 0.94) | 1.06 (0.76, 1.16) | <0.001 |
| 1-methylhistidine | 4.0 (2.4, 5.5) | 23.3 (10.1, 33.8) | <0.0001 |
| Histidine | 85.8 (80.7, 91.5) | 80.1 (66.7, 88.6) | 0.01 |
| 3-methylhistidine | 4.3 (4.0, 5.2) | 9.1 (7.7, 15.9) | <0.0001 |
| Tryptophan | 53.9 (49.1, 57.9) | 46.2 (40.4, 54.8) | <0.01 |
| Fischer ratio | 3.3 (3.1, 3.6) | 3.1 (2.6, 3.5) | <0.05 |
Data are median and interquartile range (in parenthesis). Units are μM except Ornithine:Arginine ratio and Fischer ratio. MEA, monoethanolamine; O:A ratio, Ornithine:Arginine ratio