Table 4.

Differences in brain activation between DD and TD groups. Brain areas that showed significant group differences in activation during addition and subtraction problem solving. Both the main effect of Group and the interaction between Group and Operation are shown

Region	Cluster size (voxels)	Peak z-score	Peak MNI coordinates
			x	y	z
DD > TD (Addition + Subtraction)
Right visual cortex	392	4.07	16	−88	2
Right posterior insula	243	3.62	46	0	−12
Left lingual gyrus	191	3.56	−16	−76	4
Left SFG	664	3.56	−14	0	62
Right SMA/SFG	750	3.40	14	−2	50
Right fusiform gyrus	167	3.26	32	−74	14
Right ventricle/thalamus	189	2.94	22	−32	14
Right IPS	242	2.91	40	−58	30
Left fusiform gyrus	163	2.87	−40	50	−6
Right IFG/anterior insula	216	2.85	50	32	16
Right cuneal cortex	195	2.80	12	−72	30
Left ventricle/hippocampus/PHG	179	2.75	−26	−34	4
TD > DD (Addition + Subtraction)
No significant voxels
DD > TD (Subtraction − Addition)
Left IPS/SMG/AG	837	3.34	−42	−42	50
Left ITG/fusiform gyrus	129	3.11	−50	−50	−14
Right anterior IPS	343	3.07	30	−34	40
Right SPL/precuneus/posterior IPS/AG	1371	3.03	28	−60	58
TD > DD (Subtraction − Addition)
No significant voxels

DD = Developmental Dyscalculia, TD = Typically Developing, SFG = Superior Frontal Gyrus, SMA = Supplementary Motor Area, IPS = Intraparietal Sulcus, IFG = Inferior Frontal Gyrus, PHG = ParaHippocampal Gyrus, SMG = SupraMarginal Gyrus, AG = Angular Gyrus, ITG = Inferior Temporal Gyrus, SPL = Superior Parietal Lobule. Other details as in Table 3.