Table 5. Model comparisons across schizophrenia and other mental illnesses, and across genders.

Models compared	Δχ2	Δdf	P-value	ΔRMSEA	ΔCFI	ΔSRMR
Mental illness
2M vs. 1M	2.423	6	0.88	−0.0082	0.000	0.0028
3M vs. 2M	3.820	6	0.70	−0.0061	0.001	0.0004
4M vs. 3M	0.376	3	0.95	−0.0037	0.000	0.0022
5M vs. 4M	10.982	3	0.01	0.0042	−0.001	−0.0018
Gender
2G vs. 1G	8.738	6	0.19	−0.0054	−0.001	0.0122
3G vs. 2G	8.938	6	0.18	−0.0036	0.000	−0.0014
4G vs. 3G	2.459	3	0.48	−0.0026	0.000	0.0321
5G vs. 4G	4.980	3	0.17	−0.0008	0.000	0.0002

Model 1M/1G: Configural model

Model 2M/2G: All first-order factor loadings were invariant between mental illnesses (2M) and genders (2G)

Model 3M/3G: All first-order factor loadings and item intercepts were invariant between mental illnesses (3M) and genders (3G)

Model 4M/4G: All first- and second-order factor loadings, and item intercepts were invariant between mental illnesses (4M) and genders (4G)

Model 5M/5G: All first- and second-order factor loadings, item intercepts, and construct means were invariant between mental illnesses (5M) and genders (5G)

df = degree of freedom; RMSEA = root mean square error of approximation; CFI = comparative fit index; SRMR = standardized root mean square residual