Table 3.

Sex-specific independent risk factors for cholelithiasis

	Males OR (95%CI)	Females (95%CI)
Age; yr (Ref. <30)
30-<40	4.15 (1.17-14.69)	1.97 (1.04-3.75)
40-<50	8.32 (2.47-28.03)	4.67 (2.55-8.52)
50-<60	16.68 (5.04-55.22)	7.16 (3.85-13.30)
60-<70	28.02 (8.44-93.05)	13.01 (6.81-24.88)
≥70	40.09 (12.02-133.76)	19.60 (9.92-38.72)
Education; yr (Ref. 10)
<10	0.88 (0.62-1.26)	0.93 (0.67-1.30)
>10	0.72 (0.44-1.16)	0.68 (0.44-1.05)
Physical activity	0.96 (0.71-1.29)	0.78 (0.60-1.02)
Smoking (Ref. non)
Ex-smoker	1.15 (0.79-1.68)	0.73 (0.53-1.01)
Current smoker	1.03 (0.66-1.61)	0.78 (0.56-1.10)
Diabetes mellitus	1.37 (0.94-2.01)	1.10 (0.72-1.71)
Body mass index; per kg/m²	1.04 (1.01-1.08)	1.08 (1.06-1.11)
LDL cholesterol; per 10 mg/dL	0.97 (0.94-1.02)	0.97 (0.94-1.01)
HDL cholesterol; per 10 mg/dL	0.87 (0.78-0.97)	0.87 (0.78-0.97)

Logistic regression analysis, OR denotes odds ratio; 95%CI, confidence interval; LDL, low density lipoprotein; HDL, high density lipoprotein.