Figure 3.
Effects of cranberry PACs on P. aeruginosa. A. biofilm formation (PACs dissolved in DMSO), B. pre-formed biofilm (PACs dissolved in deionized water), C. surface attachment, D. Bacterial number from treated and untreated biofilm using the Calgary device. * = p < 0.05; ** = p < 0.005; *** = p < 0.001.