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Cytokine levels IL-α (A), MCP-1 (B), TNF-α (C), GM-CSF (D), IL-g4 (E), IFN-γ (F) measured by a fluorescence-activated cell sorting-bead assay in the CSF of SOD1 and WT littermates with and without the application of mesenchymal stromal cells. Error bars indicate SEM. Significance at: *, p ≤ .05; **, p ≤ .01; ***, p ≤ .001. Abbreviations: BMSC, bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells; DMEM, Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium; SOD1, superoxide dismutase 1; WT, wild type.
