FOT-inducible pulse changes: Hierarchical plot of predictors of residual annual pulse change. An analysis regression tree was constructed of the residual score of annual pulse change [adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index (BMI) for 9,946 of the 17,380 cohort members (details in SI Materials and Methods)]. Branches were hierarchically organized, such that the higher is more important and each branch divides the rest of the cohort using the calculated cut-point value noted in the circle (left side = statement in parent circle confirmed). Circles are color-coded by the calculated effect on residual annual pulse change (increase or decrease; scale). Of the physiological, psychological, and medical parameters entered into the model, inflammation parameters, sport activity, and FOT and perceived control emerged as significant predictors. ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate.