Table 1.
Demographic, Psychosocial and Care Engagement Characteristics
| Mean | SD | |
|---|---|---|
| Age in years | 20.9 | 1.9 |
| Time since diagnosis (years) | 2.5 | 1.7 |
| Education | N | % |
| Did not complete high school | 36 | 27.3 |
| High school graduate | 52 | 39.4 |
| Some college/technical school | 38 | 28.8 |
| College/technical school graduate | 6 | 4.6 |
| Employment | ||
| Full-time | 28 | 21.2 |
| Part-time | 33 | 25.0 |
| Not employed | 71 | 53.8 |
| Housing arrangement | ||
| Own house/apartment | 39 | 29.6 |
| Parent's house apartment | 51 | 38.6 |
| Family member(s) house/apt | 14 | 10.6 |
| Another person's house/apt | 9 | 6.8 |
| Foster/group home | 3 | 2.3 |
| Boarding home/shelter/halfway | 11 | 8.3 |
| Other | 5 | 3.8 |
| Psychosocial factors | ||
| Ethnic identity | ||
| Ethnic identity search | 14.2 | 3.0 |
| Affirmation, belonging and commitment | 23.2 | 3.5 |
| Sexual orientation identity | ||
| Personal homonegativity | 23.5 | 10.3 |
| Gay affirmation | 15.3 | 5.7 |
| Morality of homosexuality | 10.8 | 4.1 |
| HIV-positive identity | ||
| HIV stigma: Negative self-image | 37.7 | 8.8 |
| HIV-positive identity: salience | 93.2 | 12.8 |
| Social support | ||
| Emotional support | 16.8 | 3.5 |
| Psychological distress | 1.6 | 1.9 |
| Motivational appraisals | ||
| Future orientation | 47.2 | 6.2 |
| Outcome expectations | 60.6 | 7.6 |
| Efficacy | 24.3 | 3.2 |
| Engagement outcomes | N | % |
| Linkage (time to care-seeking) | ||
| Day of diagnosis | 51 | 42.9 |
| <1 month | 29 | 24.4 |
| 1–3 months | 14 | 11.8 |
| >3 months | 25 | 21.0 |
| Retention (missed appointments) | ||
| No missed appointment in last 3 months | 83 | 62.9 |
| One or more missed appointment in last 3 months | 49 | 37.1 |
| ART utilization | ||
| On ART | 61 | 46.2 |
| Not on ART | 71 | 53.8 |
| ART adherence | ||
| No missed doses in last month | 40 | 65.6 |
| Missed doses in last month | 21 | 34.4 |