Official websites use .gov
A
.gov website belongs to an official
government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you've safely
connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive
information only on official, secure websites.
Micromechanical loading in cardiomyocytes (CMs). (a) The intrinsic load as a result of the contractile activity, (b) an extrinsic load may be applied to stimulate a preload. (c) The microenvironment influences the after-load of tension that is generated in cells in vitro; it can be controlled by surface chemistry, stiffness, topography, and 3D architecture of scaffolds.
