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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Feb 9.
Published in final edited form as: J Pain Symptom Manage. 2013 Feb 4;46(4):500–510. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2012.09.011

Table 2. Emotional Distress, Cormorbidities, Symptom Distress, and the Ability to Perform Activities of Daily Living by the Total Sample and Cancer Sites.

Total (N = 111) GI Cancers (n = 48) Gynecological Cancers (n = 21) Head and Neck Cancers (n = 20) Lung Cancers (n = 22)





Symptoms Mean (SD) [Range] Mean (SD) [Range] Mean (SD) [Range] Mean (SD) [Range] Mean (SD) [Range]
Emotional Distress Scale (0 = no distress, 10 = highest level of distress) 3.9 (2.7) 3.4 (2.6) 4.5 (2.6) 4.7 (2.7) 3.6 (2.6)
Comorbidity checklist (Number of comorbidities reported) 2.6 (2.1) [0–9] 2.4 (2.3) [0–9] 2.6 (1.7) [0–6] 2.2 (1.8) [0–5] 3.4 (2.4) [0–8]
Symptom Distress Scale (13 = lowest symptom distress, 45 = highest symptom distress) 23.6 (6.8) [13–44] 21.9 (6.3) [13–40] 24.3 (6.8) [15–39] 26.0 (5.6) [15–38] 24.3 (8.3) [14–44]
 Nausea occurrence (seldom [1] –continually [5]) 1.6 (0.9) 1.4 (0.9) 1.7 (1.1) 1.9 (1.0) 1.6 (0.8)
 Nausea intensity (very mild [1]–sick as possibly could be [5]) 1.4 (0.8) 1.2 (0.6) 1.7 (1.2) 1.5 (0.6) 1.5 (0.9)
 Appetite (normal [1]–cannot stand the thought of food [5]) 1.6 (1.1) 1.8 (1.1) 1.7 (0.8) 2.5 (1.4) 1.6 (0.8)
 Insomnia (sleep as always [1]–impossible to sleep [5]) 2.3 (1.3) 2.2 (1.1) 2.4 (1.3) 2.7 (1.5) 2.1 (1.4)
 Pain occurrence (never [1]–constantly [5]) 2.1 (1.3) 1.9 (1.3) 2.0 (1.2) 2.5 (1.4) 2.2 (1.5)
 Pain intensity (very mild [1]–unbearable [5]) 1.6 (0.9) 1.5 (0.9) 1.7 (0.9) 1.9 (0.8) 1.6 (1.1)
 Fatigue (seldom [1]–exhausted most of the time [5]) 2.6 (1.2) 2.5 (1.3) 2.7 (1.3) 2.6 (1.0) 2.5 (1.2)
 Bowel (normal [1]–constant discomfort [5]) 1.9 (1.1) 1.9 (1.2) 2.1 (1.3) 1.8 (0.8) 1.7 (0.9)
 Concentration (normal ability [1]–cannot concentrate at all [5]) 1.7 (1.0) 1.6 (0.9) 1.9 (1.2) 1.7 (0.8) 1.9 (1.2)
 Appearance (unchanged [1]–constant, preoccupying concern [5]) 1.7 (1.0) 1.5 (0.8) 1.9 (1.0) 1.9 (1.2) 2.1 (1.3)
 Breathing (normal [1]–severe trouble [5]) 1.3 (0.7) 1.2 (0.7) 1.3 (0.5) 1.2 (0.4) 1.6 (0.9)
 Outlook (not worried or frightened about future [1]–terrified by thoughts of future [5]) 1.9 (0.9) 1.9 (0.9) 2.0 (1.1) 1.8 (0.8) 1.9 (0.9)
 Cough (seldom [1]–persistent and severe spells [5]) 1.6 (0.9) 1.3 (0.6) 1.2 (0.5) 2.2 (1.1) 2.0 (1.1)
Enforced Social Dependency Scale (10 = lowest dependency, 51 = greatest dependency) 22.2 (10.8) [10–47] 20.9 (11.2) [10–46] 21.6 (8.0) [10–38] 30.5 (11.9) [10–47] 18.4 (7.8) [10–40]
Personal competence subscale (6 = lowest dependency, 36 = greatest dependency) 13.5 (7.9) [6–36] 12.7 (8.2) [6–33] 12.9 (5.5) [6–25] 19.4 (9.3) [6–34] 10.4 (5.5) [6–27]
 Eating/feeding 2.4 (1.5) 2.3 (1.5) 2.3 (1.2) 3.5 (1.8) 1.6 (1.2)
 Dressing 2.2 (1.7) 2.0 (1.6) 1.8 (1.1) 3.8 (2.4) 1.6 (0.7)
 Walking 2.0 (1.2) 1.9 (1.3) 2.0 (1.0) 2.5 (1.5) 1.9 (1.0)
 Traveling 3 (2.1) 2.7 (2.1) 3.4 (1.9) 4.3 (2.2) 2.1 (1.5)
 Bathing 2.0 (1.4) 1.9 (1.5) 1.7 (1.0) 3.2 (1.6) 1.6 (0.9)
 Toileting 1.9 (1.2) 2.0 (1.4) 1.7 (0.9) 2.2 (1.4) 1.6 (0.7)
Social competence subscale (3 = lowest dependency, 12 = greatest dependency) 7.7 (3.2) [3–12] 7.1 (3.4) [3–12] 7.8 (2.8) [3–12] 10.1 (3.0) [3–12] 7.0 (2.7) [3–12]
 Activities in home 2.4 (1.2) 2.2 (1.2) 2.3 (1.0) 3.3 (1.1) 2.1 (1.1)
 Work activities 2.9 (1.2) 2.7 (1.3) 3.1 (1.1) 3.5 (1.0) 2.9 (1.2)
 Recreational and social activities 2.4 (1.1) 2.2 (1.2) 2.4 (1.0) 3.4 (1.0) 2.1 (1.0)

GI, gastrointestinal.