TABLE 1.
Demographic and Criminal History Characteristics of Incarcerated Men
| Characteristics | Total Sample (N = 396) | Modality Assignmenta (N = 396)
|
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CAI–CAI (n = 100) | CAI–OAI (n = 100) | OAI–CAI (n = 100) | OAI–OAI (n = 96) | ||
| Age (M, SD) | 42.9 (12.3) | 41.4 (12.4) | 43.4 (11.9) | 45.4* (11.6) | 41.5 (12.9) |
| Race | |||||
| Caucasian, % | 29.3a | 31.0 | 37.0 | 23.2a | 25.5a |
| African American, % | 53.4a | 49.0 | 48.0 | 62.6a | 54.3a |
| Other, % | 17.3a | 20.0 | 15.0 | 14.1a | 20.2a |
| Hispanic, % | 14.4 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 15.0 | 16.7 |
| Education | |||||
| Did not complete high school, % | 22.0 | 24.0 | 18.0 | 21.0 | 25.0 |
| High school/General | 45.0 | 39.0* | 47.0 | 41.0 | 53.1 |
| Educational Development, % | |||||
| Some college, % | 27.0 | 34.0* | 28.0 | 27.0 | 18.8 |
| Bachelor’s degree or higher, % | 6.1 | 3.0 | 7.0 | 11.0* | 3.1 |
| Veteran status | |||||
| Veteran, % | 18.9a | 18.4a | 18.0 | 21.2b | 18.1a |
| Combat exposure, % | 4.8 | 5.0 | 4.0 | 6.0 | 4.2 |
| Violent crime, % | 54.6a | 50.0 | 54.6a | 56.3c | 57.9a |
| Years incarcerated since 18 (M ± SD) | 14.7a (11.9) | 14.6 (11.5) | 14.6 (11.4) | 16.4b* (11.9) | 13.1a (11.8) |
Note. CAI = computer-administered interviewing; OAI = orally administered interviewing; PTSD = posttraumatic stress disorder; PCL-C = PTSD Checklist–Civilian version.
Modality assignment refers to the administration of the PCL-C by computer (CAI) or interviewer (OAI) and the order of administration, first or second. For example, CAI–CAI indicates computer-administered interviewing of the PCL-C for the first and second test, whereas CAI–OAI indicates computer administration of the PCL-C first and oral administration by interviewer second.
Sample percentages based on 1% to 2% of missing data.
Sample percentages based on 4% of missing data.
p < .05 comparing CAI–CAI, CAI–OAI, and OAI–CAI to OAI–OAI using t test or chi-square test.