Table 4.
Chronic low back pain clinically-relevant outcomes by UDT results among study participants (N=35); “positive” UDT refers to the presence of unprescribed medications or illicit drugs.
| UDT positive (N=15) | UDT negative (N=20) | |
|---|---|---|
|
| ||
| Age, years, mean (SD) | 52.9 (10.6) | 51.0 (9.2) |
|
| ||
| LBP duration, years, mean (SD) | 15.0 (11.2) | 13.6 (9.4) |
|
| ||
| Opioid therapy duration, mean (SD) | 7.4 (6.0) | 8.3 (5.6) |
|
| ||
| ODI score, mean (SD) | 67.2 (8.2) | 66.2 (13.5) |
|
| ||
| Pain severity | ||
| average, mean (SD) | 5.7 (1.3) | 5.5 (1.6) |
| worst, mean (SD) | 8.2 (1.1) | 7.7 (1.8) |
| least, mean (SD) | 3.9 (1.7) | 4.0 (2.0) |
|
| ||
| MED (mg/day) | ||
| All opioids, mean (SD) | 88.9 (61.7)1 | 186.2 (148.9) |
| ER opioids, mean (SD) | 36.2 (57.4)2 | 57.3 (79.9) |
| SA opioids, mean (SD) | 52.7 (39.8) | 45.0 (36.6) |
Abbreviations: ODI, Oswestry Disability Index; LBP, low back pain; MED, morphine-equivalent dose; ER, extended release; SA, short-acting; UDT, urine drug test.
1
p = 0.033, Mann-Whitney U Test for Independent Samples
2
p = 0.013, Mann-Whitney U Test for Independent Samples