Table 2.
Unadjusted (crude) and adjusted (by age, gender, body mass index, antihypertensive drug treatment, and 24-hour SBP and DBP) estimates for 24-hour BP and arterial stiffness parameters in healthy subjects and hypertensive patients.
| Crude estimate | P value | Adjusted estimate | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (mean, 95% confidence interval) | (mean, 95% confidence interval) | |||
| Aortic SBP (mmHg) | ||||
| Healthy subjects (n = 142) | 105.6 (103.9, 107.2) | 0.0001 | 108.3 (106.5, 110.0) | 0.0001 |
| Hypertensive patients (n = 661) | 119.3 (118.6, 120.1) | 118.7 (118.0, 119.5) | ||
| Aortic DBP (mmHg) | ||||
| Healthy subjects (n = 142) | 72.3 (71.2, 73.4) | 0.0001 | 71.4 (70.2, 72.6) | 0.0001 |
| Hypertensive patients (n = 661) | 75.6 (75.1, 76.1) | 75.8 (75.3, 76.3) | ||
| RWTT (ms) | ||||
| Healthy subjects (n = 142) | 139.0 (137.2, 140.8) | 0.0001 | 134.5 (132.5, 136.5) | 0.0001 |
| Hypertensive patients (n = 661) | 126.6 (125.7, 127.4) | 127.5 (126.7, 128.3) | ||
| Normalized RWTT (ms) | ||||
| Healthy subjects (n = 142) | 150.7 (146.5, 154.8) | 0.0001 | 142.7 (138.3, 147.2) | 0.005 |
| Hypertensive patients (n = 661) | 133.9 (131.9, 135.8) | 135.5 (133.7, 137.4) | ||
| Aortic PWV (m/s) | ||||
| Healthy subjects (n = 142) | 10.0 (9.9, 10.2) | 0.007 | 10.2 (10.0, 10.4) | 0.410 |
| Hypertensive patients (n = 661) | 10.3 (10.2, 10.4) | 10.3 (10.2, 10.4) | ||
| Normalized aortic PWV (m/s) | ||||
| Healthy subjects (n = 142) | 9.2 (8.7, 9.6) | 0.025 | 9.5 (9.0, 10.1) | 0.617 |
| Hypertensive patients (n = 661) | 9.8 (9.5, 10.0) | 9.7 (9.5, 9.9) | ||
| Peripheral AI (%) | ||||
| Healthy subjects (n = 142) | −40.7 (−45.1, −36.4) | 0.0001 | −20.0 (−23.6, −16.3) | 0.005 |
| Hypertensive patients (n = 661) | −9.7 (−11.7, −7.7) | −14.1 (−15.6, −12.6) | ||
| Normalized peripheral AI (%) | ||||
| Healthy subjects (n = 142) | −46.8 (−51.8, −41.9) | 0.0001 | −31.5 (−36.3, −26.6) | 0.015 |
| Hypertensive patients (n = 661) | −21.3 (−23.6, −19.1) | −24.6 (−26.6, −22.6) | ||
| Aortic AI (%) | ||||
| Healthy subjects (n = 142) | 11.0 (8.5, 13.5) | 0.0001 | 23.4 (21.3, 25.6) | 0.252 |
| Hypertensive patients (n = 661) | 24.7 (23.5, 25.8) | 22.0 (21.2, 22.9) | ||
| Normalized aortic AI (%) | ||||
| Healthy subjects (n = 142) | 8.6 (5.5, 11.6) | 0.0001 | 19.7 (16.7, 22.7) | 0.742 |
| Hypertensive patients (n = 661) | 21.5 (20.1, 22.9) | 19.1 (17.9, 20.3) | ||
| AASI | ||||
| Healthy subjects (n = 142) | 0.27 (0.24, 0.29) | 0.0001 | 0.38 (0.35, 0.41) | 0.172 |
| Hypertensive patients (n = 661) | 0.42 (0.41, 0.44) | 0.40 (0.39, 0.41) |
SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; RWTT: reflected wave transit time; PWV: pulse wave velocity; AI: augmentation index; AASI: ambulatory arterial stiffness index.
Data are shown as averages and 95% confidence intervals. The P values indicate the level of the statistical significance of the difference between the two study groups.