Table 1.

Questions used in the focus groups and the Behavior Risk Factor Surveillance System.

Focus Groups

Prompts for discussion

How old were you when you first chewed betel nut?

Who or what encouraged you to chew betel nut?

What kind (variety) of betel nut did you first start chewing?

What other ingredients did you put on your betel nut?

Since then, why did you decide to continue chewing betel nut?

Prompts for recipes

What kind (variety) of betel nut do you currently chew?

What other ingredients do you add?

How much of each ingredient?

Describe what you do with the betel nut (mixture).

Do you swallow the betel nut or do you spit it out?

Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System

Have you ever chewed betel nut in your life?

Do you now chew betel nut?

How often do you chew betel nut?

Do you include lime when you chew betel nut?

Do you include tobacco when chewing betel nut? (Tobacco can be twist tobacco, cigarettes, or canned tobacco.)

Do you include pupulu or pepper leaf when chewing betel nut?

What variety of betel nut do you most often chew?

Do you ingest (swallow) your chew?