. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Feb 10.

Published in final edited form as: Behaviour. 2012 Jan 1;149(13-14):1339–1365. doi: 10.1163/1568539X-00003019

Table 5.

Test for significance of random effects of the models for bites at a male intruder, N = 31 (number of fixed effects parameters = 3).

	AIC	Log(L)	Cov P	Test	Component tested	χ^2,^*	df	p
1	1386.99	−691.49	2
2	1370.22	−682.11	3	1 vs. 2	Intercept	18.76	1	<0.0001
3	1367.32	−679.66	4	2 vs. 3	Slope	4.90	1	0.0268
4	1368.14	−679.07	5	3 vs. 4	COV_I,S	1.18	1	0.2778

AIC, Akaike Information Criterion (AIC); log(L), log likelihood; Cov P, the number of covariance parameters; df, degrees of freedom. The final model is indicated in bold.

Log-likelihood ratio tests.

Model 1 includes the final fixed effects structure with no random effects. Model 2 contains the same fixed effects as model 1 with random intercepts. Model 3 contains the same fixed and random effects as model 2 with random slopes. Model 4 contains the same fixed and random effects as model 3, allowing for nonzero covariance between intercepts (I) and slopes for time (S).