Fig. 1.

Effects of rapamycin, mycophenolic acid (MPA), or a combination of the two drugs on the viability of HaCaT cells. (A) Cytotoxic effects of rapamycin and MPA in HaCaT cells. The cells were treated with rapamycin and MPA in a dose-dependent manner for 24 h. (B) Confirmation of the cytotoxic effects of a combination of rapamycin and MPA in HaCaT cells. The cells were treated as indicated in (C). Cell viability was determined using MTT assay as described in the Materials and Methods. The measurements were performed in triplicate. TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-α.