Table 3.
Associationsbetween allergic and autoimmune diseases, respectively, among siblings and acute leukemia in children with Down syndrome.a, b
| Controls | Combined Cases | ALL | AML | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | N (%) | OR c | 95% CI | N (%) | OR c | 95% CI | N (%) | OR c | 95% CI | |
| Asthma (any) | ||||||||||
| Yes | 25 (16%) | 25 (19%) | 1.20 | (0.61 – 2.36) | 15 (18%) | 0.96 | (0.44 – 2.08) | 10 (20%) | 1.81 | (0.65 – 5.10) |
| No | 127 (84%) | 109 (81%) | 1.00 | 70 (82%) | 1.00 | 39 (80%) | 1.00 | |||
| Eczema (any) | ||||||||||
| Yes | 34 (22%) | 19 (14%) | 0.53 | (0.27 – 1.04) | 10 (12%) | 0.51 | (0.22 – 1.16) | 9 (19%) | 0.62 | (0.24 – 1.57) |
| No | 118 (78%) | 114 (86%) | 1.00 | 75 (88%) | 1.00 | 39 (81%) | 1.00 | |||
| Asthma and/or Eczema (any) | ||||||||||
| Yes | 47 (31%) | 34 (26%) | 0.77 | (0.44 – 1.36) | 20 (24%) | 0.68 | (0.35 – 1.33) | 14 (29%) | 0.90 | (0.39 – 2.08) |
| No | 105 (69%) | 99 (74%) | 1.00 | 65 (76%) | 1.00 | 34 (71%) | 1.00 | |||
| Diabetes (any) | ||||||||||
| Yes | 1 (1%) | 0 (0%) | -- | 0 (0%) | -- | 0 (0%) | -- | |||
| No | 151 (99%) | 135 (100%) | 85 (100%) | 50 (100%) | ||||||
| Hypothyroid conditions (any) | ||||||||||
| Yes | 2 (1%) | 1 (1%) | 0.50 | (0.04 – 5.91) | 1 (1%) | 0.59 | (0.05 – 7.10) | 0 (0%) | -- | |
| No | 150 (99%) | 133 (99%) | 1.00 | 84 (99%) | 1.00 | 49 (100%) | ||||
Abbreviations: OR: odds ratio; 95% CI: 95% confidence interval; ALL: acute lymphoblastic leukemia; AML: acute myeloid leukemia
a
Includes only index children with at least one sibling (ncases=135; ncontrols=152).
b
Mothers were not asked about other allergies in siblings.
c
Adjusted for child's reference age (continuous), number of siblings (1 vs. 2 vs. 3 or more), maternal race (white vs. non-white),maternal education (≤HS vs. some post-HS vs. college grad) and maternal age (<35 vs. ≥35 years).